政府是否应开办关系国计民生的事业？——基于英国的实践

期刊: 《社会发展与科技创新》 DOI:10.64649/yh.shfzykjcx.2025100010 全文阅读 返回期刊

夏庆宇

广州软件学院马克思主义学院

摘要

涉及国家中每个人的小事，必然是国家的大事。由于公共事业涉及每个国民的生活，进而涉及国家安全，因此政府一定要承担起兴办、维持公共事业的职责。在实践中，在任何国家中政府都是公共事业的天然的最终负责者，因此从这个意义上说，在任何国家中公共事业都是国家、政府负责，间接或直接开办的。私人开办的公共事业如果出现重大问题，政府最终还是要负责处理。如果认识不到这一点，而对公共事业实行市场化、私有化、商业化，就会忽视公共事业对国家、社会、人民的重要意义，而将商业利益摆在国家利益之上，将私人利益摆在公众利益之上。公共事业应由不追求利润的、追求国家或集体的整体利益的政府或国有企业开办，但与此同时政府必须加强对公共事业的管理特别是对成本的控制。如果公共事业的成本合理且以维护国家稳定、服务人民为目标，就可以利国利民。

关键词

公共事业；政府；私有化；市场化；企业

参考文献

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[35]Frits M. van der Meer, ed., Civil Service Systems in Western Europe, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar 2011, p. 234.

[36]Frits M. van der Meer, ed., Civil Service Systems in Western Europe, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar 2011, p. 265.


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