Extracurricular training and competitions in school physical education are important components of the school’s sports program, having a positive impact on students’ physical fitness, athletic skills, psychological qualities, and teamwork abilities. Using research methods such as literature review, interviews, and logical analysis, this study provides an in-depth exploration of the current status, existing problems, and strategies for coordinated development of extracurricular training and competitions in school physical education.Research has found that there are numerous issues in current extracurricular sports training and competitions in schools, such as problems in training systems, competition organization, teacher resources, and resource allocation, including monotonous training content, low competition participation, and a shortage of professional teachers. In response to these issues, strategies have been proposed to build a scientific training system, optimize competition organization models, strengthen teacher development, and improve resource allocation mechanisms, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the sustainable development of school extracurricular sports training and competitions, as well as to promote students’ overall development and the advancement of school sports.