In the context of the implementation of the new curriculum standards and the policy of the so-called Double Reduction, the inadequacy of the old-fashioned, inflexible homework model in primary school has been growing more evident, since the mechanical tasks cannot satisfy the demands in developing the core competencies. This paper based on the educational philosophy of the new curriculum standards and practical experience of teaching in a primary school examines the current flaws in the design of homework, defines the main concepts of conceptual innovation, and defines an innovative approach that will be oriented at competency, focused on people, and integrated with diversity. It provides innovative directions in various aspects through the patterns of cognitive development of primary school students, investigates practical solutions including tiered design, context-sensitive generation of task, and home-school interaction, and suggests ways of optimization. To enhance the homework system, make the most of its educational potential, and assist in the all-round advancement of primary school students competencies.