Against the background of the deep integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and new liberal arts education, postgraduate education in finance and economics universities is faced with the dual mission of "professional competence cultivation" and "value guidance shaping". As the core carrier for implementing the fundamental task of "fostering morality and cultivating people", Curriculum Ideological and Political Education (CIPE) directly determines the comprehensive literacy of high-level financial talents. However, the current relevant evaluation system has prominent problems such as rigid evaluation dimensions, insufficient integration of AI technology, and weak discipline adaptability. Based on CIPE theory, educational evaluation theory and AI education theory, this study adopts literature research method, Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct a four-dimensional evaluation system of "teaching input-teaching process-teaching output-AI empowerment", clarifies the connotation and weight distribution of each level of indicators, and verifies the effectiveness of the system through empirical research on 30 postgraduate courses in 3 finance and economics universities. The results show that the evaluation system has good reliability and validity, and can accurately identify teaching shortcomings. In response to the problems such as insufficient in-depth application of AI technology and inadequate interactive effect found in the empirical study, this paper proposes optimization paths including teacher competence improvement, teaching model innovation and technical support improvement. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical paradigm for improving the teaching quality of CIPE in postgraduate courses of finance and economics universities under the background of AI, and helps cultivate high-quality financial talents with "excellent professionalism, good morality and strong sense of responsibility".